Dirhodium compounds are highly effective catalysts for a broad range of chemical transformations. This presentation will focus on three applications: catalytic metal carbene reactions, Lewis acid catalysis, and chemical oxidations. Optical yields at or greater than 95% have been achieved with high turnover numbers in carbon-carbon bond forming reactions. Diastereoselectivity, regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity are also high, and enantiomer differentiation is achieved with exceptional ease. Chemical oxidations by tert-butyl hydroperoxide catalyzed by dirhodium compounds provide a diversity of transformations, and recent applications will be presented and discussed. The basis for the high level of control that has been achieved is the use of carboxamidate ligands.